Corundum

Description

Corundum is a naturally occurring, crystalline mineral composed of aluminium oxide, which frequently incorporates trace elements such as iron, titanium, vanadium, and chromium. As a significant rock-forming mineral, its inherent transparency is often modified by these transition metal impurities, resulting in a diverse spectrum of colorations. Beyond its status as the parent material for gemstones like ruby—colored by chromium—and sapphire, corundum serves as the primary mineralogical source for alumina in technical ceramics. Its high hardness and chemical stability make it an essential component for producing durable refractory materials and specialized ceramic bodies where structural integrity and thermal resistance are required.